Logical operators are fundamental to any programming language, as they allow you to combine conditions and make decisions based on multiple Boolean expressions. Although the syntax varies slightly between languages, the basic logical operators are generally the same. Below are the main logical operators used in programming languages: **AND**: Returns `true` if both conditions are true. **Python, JavaScript, PHP**: `and` **C++, C#**: `&&` **Lua**: `and` ```py #python if a > 5 and b < 10: print("Both conditions are true") ``` **OR**: Returns `true` if **any** of the conditions is true. **Python, JavaScript, PHP**: `or` **C++, C#**: `||` **Lua**: `or` ```js //javascript if (a > 5 || b < 10) { console.log("One of the conditions is true"); } ``` **NOT**: Inverts the logical value, returning `true` if the condition is false and false if it is true. **Python, JavaScript, PHP**: `not` **C++, C#**: `!` **Lua**: `not` ```php //php if (!($a > 5)) { echo "The condition is false"; } ``` **XOR (exclusive OR)**: Returns `true` if exactly one of the conditions is true. - **Python**: There is no native XOR operator, but you can use the `!=` operator or boolean expressions. - **C++**: `^` - **PHP**: `xor` - **JavaScript**: There is no native XOR operator, but you can use the expression `a ^ b` for numeric values. ```php //php if ($a xor $b) { echo "One of the conditions is true, but not both"; } ``` These operators are used to control the flow of programs, mainly in conditional structures (`if`, `else`, `while`, etc.). Most languages also have precedence rules for operators, where `AND` is usually evaluated before `OR`, unless there are parentheses to change this order. Do you want to help me bring you quality content? Register now, join the site and you'll be helping people who also need this kind of information. Thank you